Abstract: sheet metal processing plays an important role in China's mechanical engineering. With the improvement of sheet metal fabrication technology, it requires the level of sheet metal processing technology higher and higher. However, there are still some difficulties in the process of sheet metal processing, which is directly related to the speed of advancing sheet metal processing technology in China, improving the sheet metal processing technology is the key to the sheet metal industry. Starting from the difficulties in the process of sheet metal fabrication, the article analyzes and puts forward corresponding improvement measures.
Key words: sheet metal processing; difficulties; improvement
Sheet metal fabrication is an important processing technology in China's machinery industry, the requirement of sheet metal processing technology is higher relatively, but the traditional sheet metal processing technology cannot meet the current sheet metal requirement, its sheet metal products processed by tradition way have certain gad with the practical requirements of the current sheet metal. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the processing technology of sheet metal so as to meet the requirements in today's market. With the continuous progress of science and technology, sheet metal faces new challenges. Only by solving the causes of these problems can we improve the processing technology of sheet metal and achieve breakthroughs in sheet metal processing technology.
1 Difficulties in the process of sheet metal processing
Sheet metal processing is to transform some sheet metal into the certain shape and size we wanted or we hoped by manual work or mould, through welding or partially machining, make it become more complex shape. For example, the oil tank, the iron pipe, the ventilation pipe, the iron pot, the funnel, the chimney, the elbow and so on, as well as the shell of various equipment, all of which are the components of the sheet metal products. The sheet metal component has no fixed structure form, when designing the product, it should first meet the precondition of the production function, then make the appearance of the structure designed beautiful and low in cost. Sheet metal products are designed according to specific needs, and different structures should be designed in different forms. In a word, the design of sheet metal components is not fixed, but changes with the change of the products; this is the challenges facing the process of sheet metal processing.
2 Measures for improving the process of sheet metal fabrication
The problems encountered in the actual sheet metal processing technology can be analyzed from the following points, and improvement measures are taken, the following points can be analyzed and improved.
2.1 Material selection: sheet metal is generally used as shells for equipment, so the selection of sheet metal is very important. It is necessary to choose the right and easy processing, and reduce the cost of processing under the premise of ensuring the strength. In the same structure processing materials, to ensure the utilization rate of materials, the thickness of same materials cannot exceed three kinds, this requires that the material be highly utilized in processing and cannot be wasted. For the sheet metal structure with high strength and higher requirement, it can be achieved by the method of pressing ribbing. The sheet metal materials supplied in the market are sometimes not perfect in size, for example, the development size of parts are not match to the size of the raw material, which will affect the layout utilization ratio of material. Some materials which for decorative surface do not need surface coating, but they need to be considered in the decorative surface and the texture of the sheet. If it is not exposed to the outside, the material will not be strictly required; however, when the material is exposed, the texture of the material will be strictly required. When fabrication, the outside of surface cannot be scratched, so it is necessary to reduce unnecessary damage and improve material utilization in sheet metal processing.
2.2 Design and processing of sheet metal structural with holes: Some sheet metal products have holes, which require designing the location of holes properly. In addition to meet the demand of products, it also should be convenient for processing, and no affecting to the later process step and no affecting to beauty of appearance. (1) When the square hole is located at the root of products, it is necessary to avoid stretching the sheet metal after processing, resulting in the deformation of the hole. If manual drilling is done in sheet metal processing, it will increase the difficulty of sheet metal processing. If sheet metal parts have screws hole on it, it can be realized through various ways, as shown in table 1. The design of the bending structure; the specific bending requirement for the smallest inner diameter is shown in Table 2. (4) The design of welding process. Welding is also very important in sheet metal process, besides ensuring the beautiful appearance of the products, the surface of welding joints of the products must be properly treated. Some welding joints on the surface of materials can be avoided by arranging welding joints on the corner and do fillet welds. General welding methods can be divided into: argon arc welding, carbon dioxide protection welding, manual welding and gas welding, and a series of welding processes for sheet metal processing. In sheet metal processing, reasonable welding methods should be selected and good choice of filler materials to achieve more efficient welding effect. For the reasonable design of the components of the sheet metal structure, there should be enough space for welding to avoid the lack of space for welding, which can cause the unqualified products and loss. In the process of sheet metal fabrication, some parts of sheet metal are thinner, pay more attention to the welding time and the treatment of welding seam overlap and it cannot affect the effect of processed products and prevent the deformation of sheet metal sheets. During the welding process, the welding spot should be treated effectively, try to make welding seam symmetrical as far as possible, so that the welds will not affect the appearance of the products. In addition, the distance between the solder joint and the weld cannot be too large, and the bearing capacity of the welding seams should be guaranteed.
3 Concluding remarks:
There is a close relationship between sheet metal processing technology and modern production,
With the rapid development of sheet metal technology, we should understand and innovate its processing technology and improvement measures, making the sheet metal technology better developed. Through the explanation and analysis of the above aspects, it provides a reference for future sheet metal processing technology. In order to meet the needs of product production, the design and processing of sheet metal components to achieve a better level, this is the machinery industry's hope and need to move forward.